Telephone-call system



(NolodeL) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. .B. T. GILLILAND;

TELEPHONE CALL SYSTEM. No. 525,702. Patented Sept. 11, 1894.

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VB. T. GILLILAND. TELEPHONE CALL SYSTEM.

No. 525,702. Patented Sept. 11, 1894.

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EZRA T. GILLILAND, OF PELHAM MANOR, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE" AMERICAN BELL TELEPHONE COMPANY, OF BOSTON MASSAOHUSETTS.

TELEPHONE-CALL SYSTEM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 525,702, dated September 11, 1894.

Application filed November 27, 1893.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EZRA T. GILLILAND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pelham Manor, .in the county of Westchester and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telephony, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to telephony, its principal object being to produce a cheap and eflicient apparatus which may be used for establishing telephonic intercommunication between two or more stations.

The invention involves various features, some of which may be used independently of others, but in its organized form comprises a magneto telephone instrument which may act either as a transmitter or receiver, and connections by which such instrument is ordinarily in the line circuit, and means for imposing upon such line circuit intermittent or pulsatory currents, which, passing through the receiver, will actuate its diaphragm and produce a call signal. In operative relation to the receiver is a resonator or sound-intensifier by which the vibratory movement of the diaphragm produced by pulsatory currents will be rendered'audible at a considerable distance from the instrument. The preferable mode of developing the pulsatory currents is a local circuit including an interrupter and the primary of an induction coil, the secondary of which is connected with the line terminals.

The invention involves various features of novelty which will be hereinafter more fully described, and which will be definitely indicated in the claims appended to this specification.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the invention, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of an apparatus or station outfit embodying the several features of my invention. Fig. 2 is a' vertical sectional view on a plane at right angles to that shown in Fig. 1, showing the apparatus in position for calling a distant station. Fig. 3 is a frontelevation. Fig. 4 is a detail view of a mechanical interrupter forming part of the calling apparatus. Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view of a station apparatus. Fig. 6 is a bottom plan of guides fastened thereto.

Serial No.492,065. (No model.)

the electrode support for the calling battery,

and Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view showing the equipment for two connected stations.

The apparatus is mounted in a suitable case or box upon a base board which maybe adapted either to rest upon a desk or other horizontal surface, or be mounted upon or attached to the walls of a room. In the draw ings the latter form is illustrated, 1 representing the base board or support upon which is secured a wooden box provided with a hinged door 2. a I

Within the box is a resonator or sound-intensifier 3, consisting of a trumpet-shaped tube connected with an opening through the box at the top, andhaving its lower opening carried through the side or door of the box so as to stand infa position opposite the diaphragm of a magneto telephone 4.

The permanent magnet of the telephone will preferably be formed as a handle, as indicated, and be provided with a curved extremity adapted to rest in a hook-shaped support 5 secured to the door of the box. This provision has the important advantage of rendering it impossible for the operator to restore the telephone without putting it in position to co-operate with the resonator.

Within the box is-a battery jar 6 whichwill preferably be provided with a contracted flanged mouth for convenienceof removal when a fresh solution is required and to prevent splashing of the solution. The jar will preferably be filled to about the height indicated in Figs. 1 and ,2 with an exciting and depolarizing solution. Zinc and carbon electrodes are preferably used, so arranged that they may be dipped in and withdrawn from v the batterywhen a call is to be made.-

Any suitable arrangement by which the electrodes may be temporarily immersed in the liquid of the cell may be employed.

A convenient and compact construction'is illustrated in the drawings, and comprises a sliding rod 7 which may be formed of woodend of the rod is attached by a screw-thread to a sliding wooden bar 8, the edges-of which;

move in grooves in the sides of the boxer-LY 1 provided with a controlling knob. The lower lightning arrester is provided with a plug 21 The electrodes are mounted in metallic holders 9, 10, see particularly Fig. 6, secured to the under side of the wooden block. These holders are provided with sockets in which are permanently fixed the electrodes which may be conveniently cylindrical in form. In the organization illustrated, two carbon and two 'zin'c electrodes are used, arranged to confront one another. The electrode holders 9, 10 are provided with projecting edges, as shown in Fig. 6, which restupon the free ends of springs 11, 12 anchored in the corners of the box and traversing grooves formed in the upper edge of wooden blocks 13, 14 which may be conveniently employed to fastenthe springs in place. These springs cross each other transversely as indicated in Figs. 1, 2, 5 and 7, a construction which permits of the employment of a comparatively long spring in a small box. The springs may be placed at different horizontal levels so as to prevent contact, or any other suitable arrangement may be employed to keep them out of contact.

. The springs are bent at an obtuse angle at their free extremities, as indicated in Fig. 5. The free end of spring 12 rests against a coiled spring 15, which is connected with the primary of an induction coil 16, the other end of said primary being connected with the other spring 11. The bent ends of both springs come in engagement with the under side of the ends of the metallic electrode holders 9, 10. It will thusbe seen that by depressing the knob or handle on the rod 7 that the electrodes may be immersed in the liquid against the tension of the supporting springs, and simultaneously with such immersion the free end of spring 12 will ride over the spirals of the coiled spring 15, creating a series of interruptions in the local circuit including the primary of the induction coil and the battery. Normally, of course, this local circuit will be open, because the electrodes will be .held away from the liquid by the resiliency of the springs. When depressed, however, the wiper formed by the free end of spring 12 sweeps successively over the spiral projectionsou spring 15, creating a series of interruptions in the local circuit.

The circuit connections are clearly indicated in Fig. 7. The free ends of the springs 11, 12 engage in the normal position stops 17, 18'which limit their upward movement. Stop 18 is electrically connected with one side of the secondary of the induction coil, the other side of which is connected with spring 11. The terminals of the secondary of the inductioncoil are connected with the line terminals, a magneto telephone 19 being interposed in one side.

- Any convenient form of lightning arrester 20 may be employed andmay be mounted on the top of-the box. The plates of this lightning arrester form the line terminals. The

which normally stands in a socket formed in tion to the resonator; a call is thus sent.

- to the call by depressing his battery electrod'lf sulphuric acid, mixed in the proportions perage of the local current and devei strong induced impulses with a comparative! .the case. Such a removal will of course Ill the frame,-but which may be used .to bridge the plates of the lightning arrester and protect the apparatus during storms. It will thus be seen that when the electrodes are do pressed the spring 11 leaves contact 13, thereby opening the normal short circugg. 18, 11,12, 0 around the secondaryof the in tion coil, and the mechanical iuterlnm formed by the coiled spring and the wiper broughtinto action simultaneously with the; immersion of the battery electrodes. Tl! creates a series of intermittent or pulse currentsin the primary of the induction 16 and the high tension impulses developed in the secondary are transmitted to line.

As shown in Fig. 7 the station to the rim is calling. It-will be seen tbat'the pr w circuit is closed, the normal short cl around the secondary is opened, and a wiper is in the act of interrupting the I 'mary circuit. The pulsatory currents de oped pass over line and enter the siatienm the left, passing over the short circuits P the secondary of the induction ooil16 (by II! of a, 18, 12, 11 b, 0) through the telephone which is of course hanging in operative w operator at the station on the left may I i and both operators by removing their him phones may holdconversation. Dnringm versation the electrodes stand in their new mal positions so that the magneto curm do not traverse the secondary of the indm tion coil, which would weaken transmim but follow the short circuit already describeflt Any suitable liquid may be employed for generator, though I prefer to use a suture solution of bichromate of soda in water about fifteen to one. Such asolution has great advantage of olfering a very low ternal resistance and thus increasing them small induction coil.

When the battery solution or electrodes! quire renewal either may be readily remove from the apparatus by opening the doors! sliding out the parts. The plate which llpw ports the electrodes may be disconnected (I the rod 7 by unscrewing the latter, and by lifting the plate, which, as hereiubelcla stated, simply rests by gravity upon ib-l p porting springs. It may bebrought inhalin ment with a curved slot 20 and removed it! necessary only at long intervals, as the his tery is used for calling only and is mow, tarily in service at times when the cells ll to be made. The flexible cord is connected, as indieihl in Fig. 3, with the terminals of the spool. The other-terminals of the 00rd pass through the sides of the box and h properly connected in circuit.-

While I have described a simple provision I generator, means for creating pulsatory electric currents at the line terminals, a call receiving instrument responsive to the pulsatory currents connected to the line termi-,

nals, and a resonator normally in operative relation to the call instrument but disconnected therefrom when the telephone is in use.

2. A telephone station apparatus comprising a telephone normally connected to the line terminals, a resonator normally close to the telephone, but disconnected therefrom when the telephone is in use, an induction coil for developing impulses on line,.and an interrupter in a local circuit including the primary of the induction coil, whereby the telephone may be utilized for calling a station.

3. A stationapparatus for a telephone system comprising a call receiving instrument,- an induction coil for transmitting impulses, a local circuit including the primary of the induction coil, and a dip battery anda mechanical current interrupter operated simultaneously with the immersion of the electrodes, whereby when the battery electrodes are immersed a pulsatory induced current goes to line and actuatesthe calling instrument at the distant station.

4. In a call transmitting apparatus the combination of a dip battery, a mechanical interrupter and connections for actuating the in terrupter simultaneously with the immersion of the electrodes, whereby the line may be charged with a plurality of current impulses during each immersion.

5. In a call transmitting apparatus the combination of a dip battery and a mechanical interrupter for charging the line with pulsatory currents, said interrupter being actuated simultaneously with the immersion of the battery'electrodes, and comprising a series of conducting projections connected with one terminal of the generator, and a wiper connected with the other terminal adapted to be brought successively in elastic engagement with the projections.

6. In a call transmitting apparatus the combination of a dip battery, a box inclosing the same, the electrodes being supported on crossed springs extending from the corners to admit of a long range of movement, a. handle for dipping the electrodes, and a mechanical interrupter.

7. A telephone call apparatus comprising a telephone, a resonator having its receiving orifice mounted near the normal support for the telephone, said resonator having its receiving orifice fixed in a position to confront the opening of the telephone when the latter rests on its support.

8. A telephone call apparatus comprising a telephone provided with a fixed attachment to connect the same with a support, anda resonator so related tothe support that when the telephone is upon the support the diaphragm will be close to the resonator.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 24th day of November, A. D. 1893.

EZRA T. GILLILAND.

Witnesses:

ROBT. H. READ, E. C. GRIGG. 

